The African American Experience

1. Destiny: The Views of Booker T.Washington, W.E.B.DuBois, and Alain Locke
From: A Journey into the Philosophy of Alain Locke

2. The Search for a Moses: The Effect of Leadership
From: The Journey to the Promised Land

3. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S “ATLANTA COMPROMISE” (1895)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

4. A NEW YORK WORLD REPORTER ON BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S ATLANTA SPEECH (1895)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

5. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S ADDRESS AT THE NATIONAL PEACE JUBILEE (1898)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

6. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON EXPLAINS HIS “ATLANTA COMPROMISE” (1901)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

7. WHAT “BLACK CONSERVATIVE” MEANS TO ME
From: Black and Right

8. The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass and Booker T.Washington
From: A Journey into the Philosophy of Alain Locke

9. W.E.B. Du Bois, Excerpt from The Souls of Black Folk (1903)
From: 100 Key Documents in American Democracy

10. ACCOMMODATION VERSUS STRUGGLE
From: W.E.B. Du Bois

11. Accommodationism
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN RACE RIOTS

12. Alabama
From: Slavery in the South

13. Atlanta Exposition Speech
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

14. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
From: African American Orators

15. Booker T. Washington (1856–1915), Educator, Politician, Businessman
From: Encyclopedia of African American Business

16. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON (1856–1915)
From: African American Authors, 1745–1945

17. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON (1856–1915)
From: African American Autobiographers

18. Booker Taliaferro Washington
From: Encyclopedia of Minorities in American Politics

19. BOOKER TALIAFERRO WASHINGTON
From: Quotations in Black

20. Booker T. Washington, Accommodationism, and Black Masculinity
From: “I Will Wear No Chain!”

21. The Triumph of White Racism: 1878–1915
From: African Americans and Civil Rights

22. Separate But Equal
From: Student Almanac of African American History

23. Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute
From: Encyclopedia of the Great Black Migration

24. Up from Slavery
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Multiethnic American Literature

25. WASHINGTON,
From: DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN RELIGIOUS BIOGRAPHY

26. WASHINGTON, BOOKER T.
From: Encyclopedia of African American Business History

27. Washington, Booker T. (1856–1915)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Literature

28. WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. (1856–1915)
From: W.E.B. Du Bois

29. Washington, Booker T. (1856–1915)
From: A Langston Hughes Encyclopedia

30. Washington, Booker T. (1856–1915)
From: Affirmative Action

31. WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. (1856–1915)
From: Encyclopedia of Multicultural Education

32. Washington, Booker T. (1856–1915)
From: Encyclopedia of Racism in the United States

33. WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. (1856–1915) [JZ]
From: The World of TONI MORRISON

34. Washington, Booker T. (1856-1915)
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Multiethnic American Literature

35. Washington, Booker T. (1856–1915)
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN RACE RIOTS

36. WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. (1856–1915)
From: Encyclopedia of American Civil Rights and Liberties [Three Volumes]

37. Washington, Booker T. (1858–1915)
From: The Jim Crow Encyclopedia

38. Washington, Booker Taliaferro
From: African American Business Leaders

39. WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO
From: Historical Dictionary of School Segregation and Desegregation

40. Washington, Booker Taliaferro
From: The Greenwood Encyclopedia of African American Civil Rights

41. Washington, Booker Taliaferro (1856–1915)
From: Encyclopedia of the Great Black Migration

42. WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (1856?–1915)
From: Dictionary of Afro-American Slavery

43. WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO. (5 April 1856, Hale’s Ford, Virginia–14 November 1915, Tuskegee, Alabama).
From: Encyclopedia of African-American Education

Booker T. Washington. Courtesy of Berea College (Ky.) Archives.

Booker T. Washington seated at his desk.

Booker T. Washington, a former slave, promoted black advancement through common industrial and agricultural labor, rather than through political protest.

Booker T. Washington, 1895. Courtesy of the Library of Congress.

Booker T. Washington at his desk in 1894.

Booker T.Washington became the first African American to be invited to the White House when he visited with Theodore Roosevelt. In the picture above, Washington (center) is seen with President William Howard Taft (left), who followed Roosevelt, and businessman, Andrew Carnegie (right). (Library of Congress)

Booker T. Washington, president of Tuskegee Institute, was the most powerful black man in America from the mid-1890s to his death in 1915. He urged blacks to put aside civil rights issues and concentrate on building up their economic power.

Booker T.Washington, one of the most important post-Civil War black leaders, was conciliatory and gradualist in his approach to civil rights, believing that African Americans had to gradually earn the respect of whites and political rights through their own efforts at economic and social advancement. Library of Congress.